The impact of angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism on diabetic kidney disease: A debatable issue.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of ACE I/D gene polymorphisms on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) risk. METHODS: All eligible investigations were identified, the number of various genotype in the case and control group were reviewed. The pooled analysis was performed using Stata software. RESULTS: In overall subjects, 24,321 participants with 12,961 cases and 11,360 controls were included. the pooled analysis showed a significant link between D allele, DD or II genotype and DKD risk (D versus I: OR=1.316, 95% CI: 1.213-1.427, P=0.000; DD versus ID+II: OR=1.414, 95% CI: 1.253-1.595, P=0.000; II versus DD+ID: OR=0.750, 95% CI: 0.647-0.869, P=0.000). The subgroup pooled analysis showed that ACE I/D gene polymorphism was correlated with DKD both in Asian and in Chinese population. In addition, ACE I/D gene polymorphism was correlated with type 2 DKD (D versus I: OR=1.361, 95% CI: 1.243-1.490, P=0.000; DD versus ID+II: OR=1.503, 95% CI: 1.310-1.726, P=0.000; II versus DD+ID: OR=0.738, 95% CI: 0.626 -0.870, P=0.000). However, there was no obvious correlation in Caucasian subjects and type 1 diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: ACE I/D polymorphisms were correlated with DKD in Asian and type 2 diabetic populations. ACE D allele/DD genotype might be a risk factor, while ACE II genotype might be a protective factor for DKD.

The impact of angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism on diabetic kidney disease: A debatable issue / El impacto del polimorfismo del gen de inserción/deleción de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina en la enfermedad renal diabética: una cuestión discutible

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of ACE I/D gene polymorphisms on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) risk.MethodsAll eligible investigations were identified, the number of various genotype in the case and control group were reviewed. The pooled analysis was performed using Stata software.ResultsIn overall subjects, 24,321 participants with 12,961 cases and 11,360 controls were included. the pooled analysis showed a significant link between D allele, DD or II genotype and DKD risk (D versus I: OR=1.316, 95% CI: 1.213–1.427, P=0.000; DD versus ID+II: OR=1.414, 95% CI: 1.253–1.595, P=0.000; II versus DD+ID: OR=0.750, 95% CI: 0.647–0.869, P=0.000). The subgroup pooled analysis showed that ACE I/D gene polymorphism was correlated with DKD both in Asian and in Chinese population. In addition, ACE I/D gene polymorphism was correlated with type 2 DKD (D versus I: OR=1.361, 95% CI: 1.243–1.490, P=0.000; DD versus ID+II: OR=1.503, 95% CI: 1.310–1.726, P=0.000; II versus DD+ID: OR=0.738, 95% CI: 0.626 –0.870, P=0.000). However, there was no obvious correlation in Caucasian subjects and type 1 diabetic patients.ConclusionACE I/D polymorphisms were correlated with DKD in Asian and type 2 diabetic populations. ACE D allele/DD genotype might be a risk factor, while ACE II genotype might be a protective factor for DKD. (AU)

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia de los polimorfismos del gen I/D de la ECA en el riesgo de enfermedad renal diabética (ERD).MétodosSe identificaron todas las investigaciones elegibles, se revisó el número de varios genotipos en el grupo de casos y controles. El análisis combinado se realizó con el software Stata.ResultadosEn el conjunto de los sujetos, se incluyeron 24.321 participantes con 12.961 casos y 11.360 controles. El análisis combinado mostró una relación significativa entre el alelo D, el genotipo DD o II y el riesgo de DKD (D frente a I: OR=1,316, IC del 95%: 1,213–1,427, P=0,000; DD frente a ID+II: OR=1,414, IC del 95%: 1,253-1,595, P=0,000; II frente a DD+ID: OR=0,750, 95% CI: 0,647-0,869, P=0,000). El análisis de subgrupos mostró que el polimorfismo del gen I/D de la ECA se correlacionaba con la DMD tanto en la población asiática como en la china. Además, el polimorfismo del gen I/D de la ECA se correlacionó con la DKD de tipo 2 (D frente a I: OR=1,361, IC del 95%: 1,243-1,490, P=0,000; DD frente a ID+II: OR=1,503, IC del 95%: 1,310-1,726, P=0,000; II frente a DD+ID: OR=0,738, 95% CI: 0,626 -0,870, P=0,000). Sin embargo, no hubo una correlación evidente en los sujetos caucásicos y en los pacientes diabéticos de tipo 1.ConclusiónLos polimorfismos I/D de la ECA se correlacionaron con la DKD en poblaciones asiáticas y diabéticas de tipo 2. El alelo D de la ECA/genotipo DD podría ser un factor de riesgo, mientras que el genotipo II de la ECA podría ser un factor de protección para la DKD. (AU)

The Influence of ACE Insertion/Deletion Gene Polymorphism on the Risk of IgA Nephropathy: A Debatable Topic.

Background: The connection between angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) gene polymorphisms and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was conflicting. This pooled analysis was performed to explore this issue. Methods: All eligible investigations were identified from various electronic databases, and the pooled analysis was evaluated using Stata software. Results: 27 studies with 2538 IgAN cases and 3592 controls were included. In overall subjects, ACE D allele, DD, and II genotype were associated with IgAN susceptibility (D vs. I: OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.10-1.32, P < 0.001; DD vs. ID + II: OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-1.60, P < 0.001; and II vs. DD + ID: OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73-0.95, P=0.007). In Asian and Chinese patients, ACE I/D gene polymorphism was also correlated with IgAN vulnerability. Moreover, ACE D allele, DD, and II genotype were correlated with the progression of IgAN (D vs. I: OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.09-1.73, P=0.008; DD vs. ID + II: OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.06-2.31, P=0.024; and II vs. DD + ID: OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49-0.99, P=0.045). Conversely, in Caucasian subjects, there was no link between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and the risk of IgAN. Conclusion: ACE I/D gene polymorphism was correlated with the vulnerability and progression of IgAN in Asian and Chinese patients, and ACE D allele and DD homozygote genotype could be adverse factors for IgAN, while the II homozygote genotype could be an advantage factor. But, no significant association was found between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and IgAN in Caucasians.

The impact of angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism on diabetic kidney disease: A debatable issue.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of ACE I/D gene polymorphisms on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) risk. METHODS: All eligible investigations were identified, the number of various genotype in the case and control group were reviewed. The pooled analysis was performed using Stata software. RESULTS: In overall subjects, 24,321 participants with 12,961 cases and 11,360 controls were included. the pooled analysis showed a significant link between D allele, DD or II genotype and DKD risk (D versus I: OR=1.316, 95% CI: 1.213-1.427, P=0.000; DD versus ID+II: OR=1.414, 95% CI: 1.253-1.595, P=0.000; II versus DD+ID: OR=0.750, 95% CI: 0.647-0.869, P=0.000). The subgroup pooled analysis showed that ACE I/D gene polymorphism was correlated with DKD both in Asian and in Chinese population. In addition, ACE I/D gene polymorphism was correlated with type 2 DKD (D versus I: OR=1.361, 95% CI: 1.243-1.490, P=0.000; DD versus ID+II: OR=1.503, 95% CI: 1.310-1.726, P=0.000; II versus DD+ID: OR=0.738, 95% CI: 0.626 -0.870, P=0.000). However, there was no obvious correlation in Caucasian subjects and type 1 diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: ACE I/D polymorphisms were correlated with DKD in Asian and type 2 diabetic populations. ACE D allele/DD genotype might be a risk factor, while ACE II genotype might be a protective factor for DKD.